unix 3

CH10-2 Multiprocessor and Real-Time Scheduling

Real-Time Schedulingreal-time computing: ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ •ํ™•์„ฑ์ด ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋„ ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํŒ… ์œ ํ˜•- ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•ˆ์— ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด๋‹ค. Hard real-time task: ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋งˆ๊ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€์ผœ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…- ๋งˆ๊ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค.Soft real-time task: ๋งˆ๊ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ž‘์—…- ๋งˆ๊ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์‹คํŒจํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ณ  ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์ €ํ•˜๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. periodic task: ์ผ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…aperiodic task: ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์‹œ์ ์— ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—… soft re..

CH9-2 Uniprocessor Scheduling

Feedback์‹คํ–‰ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธด ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์˜ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์‹คํ–‰ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ์‹คํ–‰ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์งง์€ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šคํ•œํ…Œ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹starvation ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค q = 2^i - i๋Š” ํ์˜ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋กœ, 0๋ฒˆ ํ๋Š” 2^0: 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ, 1๋ฒˆ ํ๋Š” 2^1: 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ,,, , n๋ฒˆ ํ๋Š” 2^n: n์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ์˜ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ํด์ˆ˜๋ก ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธธ์–ด์ ธ์„œ starvation ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. Multi-level Feedback Queue- ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ ํ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.0๋ฒˆ ํ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค: ์•„์ง ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ1๋ฒˆ ํ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค: 1์ดˆ ์ด์ƒ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•จ2๋ฒˆ ํ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค: 2์ดˆ ์ด์ƒ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•จ...n๋ฒˆ ํ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค: n์ดˆ ์ด์ƒ ..

CH8-3 Virtual Memory

Fetch Policy: ์–ธ์ œ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…Demand Paging- ๋‹น์žฅ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค. Pre-paging- ๋‹น์žฅ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€ ์™ธ์— ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ๋‹ค.- ๋‹จ์ : ๋‹น์žฅ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋“ค์ด ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ญ๋น„๋œ๋‹ค. Demand Paging์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. Replacement Policy: ์–ด๋–ค ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ต์ฒดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?→ page fault ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํšŸ์ˆ˜์™€ ์ง๊ฒฐ๊ต์ฒด๋˜๋Š” ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ์€ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋™์ž‘์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•œ๋‹ค. Examples ํŽ˜์ด์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜: 3๊ฐœ, ํŽ˜์ด์ง€ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜: 5๊ฐœ (1~5) Basic Replacement A..